Decomposition
Decomposition is the natural process by which dead plants, animals, and other organic matter are broken down into simpler substances. This process is mainly carried out by tiny living organisms called decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, along with insects and other small organisms. They feed on dead materials and gradually break them into nutrients, water, carbon dioxide, and other simple compounds.
Decomposition is an essential part of nature because it recycles nutrients back into the soil. These nutrients are then absorbed by plants, helping them grow and continue the cycle of life. Factors such as warmth, moisture, oxygen, and the type of material being decomposed affect how quickly decomposition happens. Without decomposition, dead plants and animals would continue to pile up, and valuable nutrients would not be returned to the environment. This process helps keep ecosystems clean, healthy, and balanced.