Aadya Isai

Plants use water in photosynthesis, the process that makes their food. Inside the leaves, sunlight gives energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air to form glucose—the plant’s food. The oxygen is released into the air. So, without water, plants cannot make energy or grow.

Water also transports minerals and nutrients. The roots absorb water from the soil, and the minerals in the soil dissolve in it. This mixture travels through tiny tubes called xylem all the way up to the leaves. The movement happens because water naturally moves from areas of more water (in the soil) to areas of less water (inside the plant).

Another vital job of water is to keep the plant firm and upright. Each cell in a plant holds water that presses against its walls. This pressure, called turgor pressure, keeps stems and leaves stiff. If…

Farmers and gardeners often add fertilisers to the soil where their crops are growing. The fertilizers provide mineral salts, which make the plants grow larger and healthier. Although fertilisers are expensive, the cost to farmers is outweighed by the extra money they can get for their crop.

What are fertilisers?

Fertilizers are any material of natural or synthetic origin that’s is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.

Or in other words - A chemical or natural substance added to soul or land to increase its fertility.

What are the benefits of fertilizers?

It supplies key nutrients to plants, such as nitrogen - N, phosphorus- P, and potassium - P (These may lag in the natural soil).

Definition

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria use light energy from the Sun to make food (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water.

It takes place mainly in the leaves of plants and is essential for all life on Earth because it provides food and oxygen.

Where Photosynthesis takes place and why?

Photosynthesis happens inside special structures in plant cells called chloroplasts.

Each chloroplast contains a green pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight.

1. Light absorption: The green pigment chlorophyll, found in tiny cell parts called chloroplasts, absorbs sunlight. This happens mostly in the leaves.
   

2. Exciting electrons: The light energy makes electrons in chlorophyll get excited — meaning they gain energy and start moving faster.
   

3. Energy transfer through reactions: These energized electrons travel through a set of chemical steps called the electron transport chain. As they move, their energy is used to make two special energy-carrying molecules — ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH.
   

4. Glucose production: In the second stage, called the Calvin cycle, the energy stored in ATP and NADPH is used to combine carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air with hydrogen from water (H₂O) to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).
   

5. Result — chemical energy: The glucose made is a form of chemical energy. Plants use it to grow, make food, and give energy to other living things that eat them.

So in short:

Inheritance is the process by which traits or characteristics are passed by parents to offspring’s through their genes.

In simpler words - Inheritance means getting features from your parents.

Examples:- You might inherit your mother’s eye colour or your father height.

This happens because those traits are carried in the DNA for generations and now passed down to you.

What all can inherited?

1. Biological traits - blood group, health conditions, body type, diseases, etc….

Teaching dakshu and ishaan about heart

Flash card - about diffusion.

Biology - diffusion

Definition (with example), my way of definition(with example), main factors effect ign diffusion - concentration difference (with example), temperature (with example).

Enzymes - definition and examples - continuing tommorow