Water pollution
1) Introduction:
A) Definition:- Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or energy (like - heat, sound, light) into the natural environment, causing adverse effects on living organisms and ecosystems, making the surrounding impure and unsafe.
B) Causes:- Pollution stems rein hunan activities like burning fossil fuels for energy and transport; industrial emission, vehicle exhaust, agricultural chemicals (pesticides/fertilisers), and improper waste disposal (sewage, plastic, garbage burning).
2) Causes of water pollution:
A. Factories:- Factories cause water pollution by discharging untreated waste water filled with toxic chemicals, heavy metals (like-led, mercury) dyes, oils, and pathogens into rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
B. House hold works:- House holds pollutes water through untreated sewage release, poor drainage systems, and ground water sewage.
C) Sewage pollutes water by introducing harmful pathogens (bacteria, viruses) etc..
D) Agricultural runoffs:- Agricultural runoff’s pollutes water by carrying excess nutrients (nitrogen phosphorus), pesticides, pathogens (from manure) and sediments (soil) from fields into streams, rivers and groundwater.