💥 The Beginning — Big Bang

1.

The universe started from a tiny, super hot point 🤯

Then it expanded FAST 💨

This happened about 13.8 billion years ago

🌑 First Darkness

The Sun was born first, forming about 4.6 billion years ago from a collapsing interstellar cloud. Among the planets, Jupiter was the first to be born, likely forming its solid core within the first million years and growing to 20 times Earth's mass, influencing the structure of the entire solar system.

How the FIRST star was born

After the Big Bang, space was full of mostly hydrogen gas 🌫️

🧠 Step by step:

🔹 1. Gas floating everywhere

Hydrogen gas was just drifting in space… nothing special yet

🔹 2. Gravity starts pulling

Apples are peeled then people takes all the fibers and cleans and drys it then they spin it into thread then they yarn it into cloth then make it into jeans

Fibers from the Banana Plant are taken and cleaned.

The fibers are turned into thread.

The thread is woven into cloth.

The cloth is used to make jeans.

This helps use plant waste and is better for the planet. 🌍

🌞 Our Solar System

Our solar system has 8 planets that go around the Sun.

Mercury – Smallest and closest to the Sun 🔥

Venus – The hottest planet 🥵

Earth – Our home 🌍

Mars – The Red Planet 🔴

A bottle falling from space to Earth would likely burn up upon re-entry due to extreme friction heat, similar to small space debris. If it somehow survived re-entry, the intense heat would cause it to melt, shatter, or vaporize. A plastic bottle might become brittle and crack, while a sealed bottle could explode due to pressure differences.

🤖 Robot

Machine that does tasks automatically

Parts: sensors • brain • motors

Computers work by processing data through a four-step cycle—Input, Processing, Storage, and Output—controlled by hardware and software. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) executes instructions from software, manipulating data using binary code (0s and 1s). This process converts raw input (keyboard/mouse) into meaningful output (screen/printer).

A fan works by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, using a motor to spin angled blades that push air forward, creating a consistent, cooling breeze. The spinning blades create a low-pressure zone that draws in air, while the blade angle dictates direction and airflow volume, leveragingprinciples of fluid dynamics to move air.👍👍👍👍👍👍

Solar System Facts

Our solar system includes the Sun, eight planets, five officially named dwarf planets, hundreds of moons, and thousands of asteroids and comets.

Our solar system is located in the Milky Way, a barred spiral galaxy with two major arms, and two minor arms. Our Sun is in a small, partial arm of the Milky Way called the Orion Arm, or Orion Spur, between the Sagittarius and Perseus arms. Our solar system orbits the center of the galaxy at about 515,000 mph (828,000 kph). It takes about 230 million years to complete one orbit around the galactic center. Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and the nearest to the Sun.

Mercury is only slightly larger than Earth's Moon. It's the fastest planet, zipping around the Sun every 88 Earth days. Mercury is named for the swiftest of the ancient Roman gods. Dark, cold, and whipped…

Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers, some with billions of times the Sun’s mass.

Galaxies come in a variety of shapes, mostly spirals and ellipticals, as well as those with less orderly appearances, usually dubbed irregular.

Most galaxies are between 10 billion and 13.6 billion years old. Some are almost as old as the universe itself, which formed around 13.8 billion years ago. Astronomers think the youngest known galaxy formed approximately 500 million years ago.

Galaxies can organize into groups of about 100 or fewer members held together by their mutual gravity.

Black holes are among the most mysterious cosmic objects, much studied but not fully understood. These objects aren’t really holes. They’re huge concentrations of matter packed into very tiny spaces. A black hole is so dense that gravity just beneath its surface, the event horizon, is strong enough that nothing – not even light – can escape. The event horizon isn’t a surface like Earth’s or even the Sun’s. It’s a boundary that contains all the matter that makes up the black hole.

There is much we don’t know about black holes, like what matter looks like inside their event horizons. However, there is a lot that scientists do know about black holes.

Heat - is a form of energy that is released when fuels undergo combustion.

Fuel - is a substance containing stored chemical energy that can be readily released to produce useful heat or power.

Wood - A solid, natural biomass fuel.

Coal, oil and gas - These are all fossil fuels, formed over millions of years from the buried remains of organic matter. They have a high carbon content and are a primary source of energy for human activities, including power generation and heating.

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Gas -Red gas cylinder on white background | Premium Vector Gas is a state of matter with no fixed shape or volume, where particles move freely and randomly to fill any container.

water vapour - Water vapour is the gaseous state of water, which is transparent and forms when liquid water evaporates or ice sublimates.

air - the invisible gaseous substance surrounding the earth, a mixture mainly of oxygen and nitrogen.

2.

an impression of a quality or manner given by someone or something.

"she answered with a faint air of boredom"

Matter - Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space (volume)

heating - Heating is the process of raising the temperature of a space or material, often through a heating system that adds thermal energy to maintain comfort or achieve a desired result.

evaporation - Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into a Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into a gas, or vapor, at its surface and below the boiling point. as, or vapor, at its surface and below the boiling point.

melt - To "melt" means to change from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating.

boiling - Boiling is the rapid phase transition of a liquid into a gas that occurs when the liquid's vapor pressure equals the external pressure, and it happens at the boiling point.

gas - "Gas" can refer to a state of matter with no fixed…

Heating matter, mind mapping, and brainstorm:

1. heating

2. matter heating matter is heating and

3. gas matter and result, matter is gas,

4. solid solid, and liquid, gas is steam,

5. liquid solid is ice, liquid is water,

All things around you are called matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight. Look at this picture below. Do you think the ice cream soda is matter if you said yes, you are right. Without moving the ice cream soda, could you put something in its place? if you picked it up, how would it feel? the ice cream soda takes up space. it has weight.

Do you think a dinosaur could live at your house? Do you think it would be too big? Some dinosaurs were very small. The one shown here was only as big as a dog.

The word dinosaur (dyn - oh - sawr) means "terrible lizard. Dinosaurs were large reptiles that lived a long time ago. We know that dinosaurs lived because bones of dinosaurs have been found. Dinosaurs lived over 100 million years ago. Yet, scientists discovered their bones less than 150 years ago. Since that time, scientists have learned a great deal from studying dinosaur bones. They learned that there were many different kind of dinosaurs. Each scientist who discovered bones from a different kind of dinosaur could give it a name. One of the biggest dinosaurs was named Apatosaurus (uh - pat - tuh - sawr - us). Apatosaurus means devious lizard. Fossils of dinosaur eggs ha…

did you know there is a animal fossil?!!! animals died before the animal fossil came. so they are no longer be found as living things. they are only found in rocks and fossils.

Do you know mountains yes/no. So i will tell you a secret. When you dig carefully on a mountain you can see shells right so the shells name is fossil (fahs - silz), it is found in rocks. here are the things that make fossils.

1. Shells alive.

2. Shells are dead, become fossils and covered by sediment.

3. More sediment covering.

4. Sediment are lifted.

Do you know about flood if no/yes i will tell you, if to much rain comes a flood happens, so a flood have so many dangerous things, so follow the safety tips.

1. don't run around if in a ship,car,boat,autorickshaw and a house if it is floating.

2. don't take food from the flood because there are bacterias.

3. don't go close to utility poles because you will get a shock.

4. don't swim on a flood water because a whirlpool will suck you. remember the safety tips.💯points.

this person is using a machine to turn the soil. this is done before seeds are planted. where did the soil come from? what is it made of? soil is made of pieces of broken rocks and minerals. it takes a long time to make soil. in 500 years nature makes about 2 1/2 centimeters

(1 inch) of soil. we need to plow soil because we need to mix minerals and make water go more deeper soil is the uppermost layer of earth's surface,a soil particles is lesser length than 0.002 mm. it took 500 years to make 1 inch of soil,soil forms on 3 layers, the top soil,subsoil, bedrock!!! the top soil is where plants grow the subsoil contains pebbles sand and clay!!! bedrock contains large pieces of rocks.

SUPPOSE 4 BIRDS FLEW OVER THIS ROCK A LONG TIME AGO. IT DROPPED A SEED ON THE ROCK. A TREE NOW GROWS IN A CRACK OF THE ROCK. HOW COULD THE TREE AND ITS ROOT CHANGE THIS ROCK?

ROCKS DO NOT ALWAYS STAY THE SAME. LOOK CLOSELY AT THIS MOUNTAIN ON THE SIDES AND AT THE BOTTOM ARE SMALLER ROCKS. THEY HAVE BROKEN OFF THE MOUNTAIN. THE ROCKS OF THE MOUNTAIN ARE BEING CHANGED. THEY ARE BEING BROKEN DOWN. BREAKING ROCKS INTO SMALLER PIECES IS CALLED WEATHERING.

this is a picture of the star closest to the earth. what is this star? it is the sun. if you could travel to the sun, what do you think you will find there? you may wonder why you need to know about the sun.

so the sun is -26.74 in earth's sky and in space it is 3.828 times 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 watts, sun's surface temperature is 5,772 k and in side it is (15 million hotness) and (27 million coldness),148.04 million km farness from the earth, 58 million km from mercury and the last one the moon the moon farness is 150 million km, suns size is 865,000 miles and (1.4 million km).

Have you ever tried to skip rock across water? did it skip over the water and then sink? most rocks sink in water. look at this picture. this rock is floating. do you know why it can float? rocks can be used in many ways. you decide how a rock can be used by it's properties. some rocks make good building materials. rocks can be very strong. strong rock wear away slowly. usually rocks do not burn or rust. they do not get wet inside. all of these properties help to make many rocks useful as building materials. have you ever used a compass? like a compass, the rock shown at the right can help you find direction. it has a property that most rocks do not have. when it is held by a string it will turn and point north.

this person wants to know the moon changes. he has been drawing of it for many days. what do you think he will find out.

pretend you are in a spacecraft. you are traveling toward the earth. when you look out the window of the spacecraft,you see a blue planet. do you know why the earth looks blue? why do you think you need to know about the earth? the earth is an important object in space. when you know more about it,you will understand more about the planet on which we all live

this person is a mountain climbing. do you think it would be hard to climb to the top of these rocks? have you ever walked or climbed in the mountains? why do you think you are learning how to observe rocks? there are many different kinds of rocks. as you learn how to observe them you will understand more about their differents.

temperature quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness. temperature is measured with a thermometer. it reflects the average kinetic energy of the vibrating colliding atoms making up a substances.

Sound is a wave or vibration that travels through three states of matter solid,liquid and gas and of it is somthing that can be heard but,have you wondered how does sound travel it's simple,it all starts with a mechanical movement like pouring hot chocolate in a mug clapping your hands or hitting a gong so,when you hit a gong there's a movement which causes some vibration in the molecules which in turn,causes other molcules around them to vibrate

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object or system.

Physical quantities are properties that can be measured and described by the laws of physics, such as length, mass, and time

A"resistance line' commonly refers to a level on a finacial chart where the price of an asset ecounters selling pressure and struggles to rise above it.

the term"1unit of electricity refers to the commercial unit of electrical energy consumption, equivalent to 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh).​ fomula 1unit=1kWh=1000W×3600s=3.6×106 Joules

electricity is the flow of electric charge through a conductor usually by moving electrons in one direction or alternating direction to produce energy.

🧲 What is a magnet?A magnet is an object that can attract materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt.

⚡ Magnetic poles:Every magnet has two poles —

• North pole (N)

• South pole (S)Opposite poles attract each other (N attracts S), and similar poles repel (N repels N, S repels S).

🌍 Magnetic field:The space around a magnet where it can pull or push magnetic materials is called its magnetic field.

💡 Types of magnets:

Mass and weight are related but not the same:

• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

  • It never changes.

  • Measured in kilograms (kg).

• Weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass.

  • It changes if gravity changes (like on the Moon).

Simple machines are basic mechanical devices that make work easier by altering the direction or magnitude of a force. The six classic simple machines are the lever, inclined plane, wedge, wheel and axle, pulley, and screw. More complex machines are often combinations of these simple tools.

1. Lever A lever is a rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point called a fulcrum. It amplifies or changes the direction of force, allowing you to lift or move heavy objects with less effort.

Example: A seesaw. The fulcrum is the center support. You push down on your side (effort) to lift your friend on the other end (load). 2. Inclined plane An inclined plane is simply a slanted, flat surface, like a ramp. It helps you move objects to a higher or lower level using less force over a longer distance than lifting the object straight up.

Example: A wheelchair ramp…

1) What is gravity?

An invisible force that pull you back on the earth.

2) Gravity pull on the moon.

An invisible force has so much to do with the way we live! ooops forgot to tell you that tides in the sea and oceans happen beacuse of the gravitational pull of the moon.

3) Gravity and mass

1..2..3.. by the way have you ever thought why a stone falls on the ground faster than a piece of paper that is because : the bigger the object mass, the more gravity it will have.

1. the milky way is the galaxy that contains our solar system.

2. it's barred spiral galaxy.

3. about 100,000 light years wide has 100 - 400 billion stars.

4. our solar system sits in the orion arm.

5. 27000 - light years from the center.

6. at the center is a supermassive black hole called sagittariun A*it has bulge,spiral arms,and a halo of stars and dark matter.