Parts of Prokaryotic Cells
1. Cell Wall
What it is: A strong outer layer.
What it does: Protects the cell and gives it shape.
2. Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)
What it is: A thin layer just inside the cell wall.
What it does: Controls what goes in and out of the cell (like food, water, and waste).
3. Cytoplasm
What it is: Jelly-like fluid inside the cell.
What it does: Fills the cell and holds everything in place. Chemical reactions happen here.
4. DNA (in the Nucleoid)
What it is: The cell’s genetic material (instructions for the cell).
What it does: Controls the cell’s functions. It floats freely in the cell, not in a nucleus.
5. Ribosomes
What they are: Tiny dots inside the cell.
What they do: Make proteins that the cell needs to grow and work.
6. Plasmids
What they are: Small, extra circles of DNA.
What they do: Give the cell extra abilities (like resistance to antibiotics).
7. Flagella (optional)
What they are: Long tail-like structures.
What they do: Help the cell move around.
8. Pili or Fimbriae (optional)
What they are: Hair-like structures on the surface.
What they do: Help the cell stick to things or other cells.
my note
Prokaryotic Cells have no true nucleus
they are is in bacteria