1. Light Travels in Straight Lines

Light always travels in straight lines unless it is reflected, refracted, or scattered. When it hits an opaque object (something that doesn't let light pass through), the light cannot go through it.

2. Object Blocks the Light

When an opaque object is placed in the path of light, it blocks some of the rays. The area directly behind the object, where the light cannot reach, becomes dark. This dark area is called a shadow

3. Types of Shadows

There are two main parts to a shadow:

Umbra The fully dark part where all the light is blocked.

Penumbra The partially shaded area around the umbra, where only some of the light is blocked.

4. Factors That Affect the Shadow

Several things affect how a shadow looks:

Light Source : A single small light source creates a sharp shadow, while a larger or multiple light sources make blurry or multiple shadows.

Distance If the object is closer to the light, the shadow is larger. If it's closer to the surface, the shadow becomes sharper and smaller.

Angle of Light: As the angle of the light changes (like the sun during the day), the length and direction of the shadow change too.

everyday Example

When the sun shines on you, your body blocks the sunlight and casts a shadow on the ground. The shadow’s size and direction change depending on the time of day.

Let me know if you'd like a diagram or visual to go with this!