What are tropical cyclones:
Tropical cyclones are intense, spinning storm systems that form over warm ocean waters in tropical regions. They are also known as hurricanes, typhoons or simply cyclones. These storms bring strong winds, heavy rainfall, and storm surges, and can cause massive destruction when they hit land.
How are Tropical Cyclones Formed:
Warm ocean water (at least 26°C) heats the air above it.
The warm, moist air rises into the atmosphere, leaving an area of low pressure near the ocean surface.
As the warm air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds and releasing heat, which makes the air rise even faster.
More air rushes in to replace the rising air. This creates a cycle of rising warm air and inward-moving cooler air.
Due to the Coriolis effect (caused by Earth’s rotation), the incoming air begins to spin, forming a circular system.
If the storm continues to draw energy from the warm sea and wind conditions are right, it becomes stronger and forms a tropical cyclone with a calm eye in the center.
Impacts of Tropical Cyclones:
Strong Winds: Cyclone winds can reach over 200 km/h, tearing off roofs, breaking trees, and collapsing buildings.
Heavy Rainfall: Cyclones dump huge amounts of rain, leading to flash floods, landslides, and damage to crops.
Storm Surges: The cyclone’s winds push ocean water onto the land, causing coastal flooding that can destroy homes and roads.
Loss of Life and Injury: Floods, debris, and building collapses often result in death and injury.
Economic Damage: Damage to houses, infrastructure, farms, and businesses can cost billions in repairs.
Displacement and Disease: People may lose their homes, and floodwaters can lead to waterborne diseases like cholera.
THE END