kingdom:a kingdom is the largest group used to classify living things. all living organisms are divided into major kingdoms based on their characteristics. for example, animals belong to the animal kingdom, plants belong to the plant kingdom, fungi belong to the fungi kingdom, and so on. it helps scientists organize and study life.
dna:dna (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries all the information about how a living thing looks and works. it acts like an instruction book for building and maintaining an organism. every cell in your body has dna inside its nucleus.
chromosome:a chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of dna and protein. it is found inside the nucleus of a cell. chromosomes carry genes, and humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in each cell.
gene:a gene is a small section of dna that controls a particular trait, such as eye color, height, or blood type. genes are passed from parents to children and determine how living things develop and function.