Micro organisms in desease
Microorganisms and Disease:
Microorganisms are very tiny living things that we cannot see with our eyes. Some microorganisms are helpful, but some can cause diseases.
What is a Disease?
A disease is a condition that makes us feel sick or unhealthy.
When harmful microorganisms enter our body, they can cause diseases. These are called pathogens.
Types of Microorganisms that Cause Diseases
1. Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms
Some cause diseases like cholera, typhoid, and tuberculosis
They can enter our body through dirty water, food, or air
Note:
Not all bacteria are harmful—many are useful!
2. Viruses
Very tiny (smaller than bacteria)
Cause diseases like common cold, flu, measles, and COVID-19
Need a living cell to grow
3. Fungi
Can be single-celled or multi-celled
Cause diseases like ringworm and athlete’s foot
Often grow on moist skin
4. Protozoa
Single-celled microorganisms
Cause diseases like malaria and amoebic dysentery
Spread by mosquitoes or contaminated water
How Do Diseases Spread?
Diseases spread through:
Air (coughing, sneezing)
Contaminated food and water
Mosquitoes and insects
Direct contact with sick people
How Can We Prevent Diseases?
Wash hands regularly Drink clean and boiled water Eat fresh and clean food Keep surroundings clean cover mouth while coughing or sneezing Take vaccines when needed
Fun Fact
Our body has white blood cells that fight harmful microorganisms and protect us!