Adaptation helps living things survive and live better in their homes.
There are three types: structural (body parts), behavioral (actions), and physiological (body processes).
Examples include thick fur in polar bears to stay warm and spines on cacti to save water.
Adaptations are passed from parents to babies over many years.
Cactus has spines to save water.
Kinetic energy is the energy that an object has because it is moving.
The amount of kinetic energy depends on the object's mass and speed.
The formula to calculate kinetic energy is KE=12mv2KE=21mv2, where mm is mass in kilograms and vv is speed in meters per second.
If the mass of the object doubles, its kinetic energy doubles (for the same speed).
If the speed of the object doubles, its kinetic energy becomes four times greater, since kinetic energy depends on the square of the velocity.
When an object speeds up, energy is transferred to its kinetic energy store.
Definition: Substances that produce H+ (hydrogen ions) in water (proton donors).
Properties: Sour taste, react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, change blue litmus red.
Examples: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Nitric acid (HNO3).
Strength: Strong acids fully ionize; weak acids partially ionize.
pH: Less than 7 (strong acids closer to 0, weak acids closer to 6).
Made up of organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes)
Specialized types: epithelial cells, muscle cells, glandular cells
