The Structure of Skin
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and it is made of three main layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the hypodermis.
Epidermis
The epidermis is the outermost layer and works like a protective shield. It contains dead cells on the surface and new cells forming at the bottom. This layer also has melanocytes, which produce melanin, the pigment that gives the skin its colour and protects it from sunlight.
dermis
Below the epidermis lies the dermis, a thicker and stronger layer that supports and nourishes the skin. It contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, nerves, and blood vessels. Because of these structures, the dermis gives the skin strength, elasticity, and the ability to feel sensations like touch, pain, and temperature.
hypodermis
The deepest layer is the hypodermis, also called the subcutaneous layer. It is mainly made of fat and loose connective tissue. This layer helps insulate the body to maintain temperature, provides cushioning to protect internal organs, and connects the skin to the muscles and bones beneath it.
Together, these three layers allow the skin to protect the body, sense the environment, control temperature, and store essential nutrients.