Melting Boling and Evaporation
Melting
Definition:
Melting is the process in which a solid changes into a liquid when heat is given.
Example:
Ice → Water
What happens to particles?
Particles get more energy
They move faster and break free from their fixed positions
Key Point:
Melting happens at a fixed temperature called the melting point.
Fun Fact :
Ice melts at 0°C, but ice skates glide because pressure helps melt a thin layer of ice!
Boiling
Definition:
Boiling is the process in which a liquid changes into gas when heated to its boiling point.
Example:
Water → Steam
What happens to particles?
Particles get a lot of energy
They move very fast and escape as gas
Key Point:
Boiling happens at a fixed temperature (for water, 100°C).
Fun Fact :
Bubbles in boiling water are filled with water vapour, not air!
Evaporation
Definition:
Evaporation is the slow process in which a liquid changes into gas at any temperature.
Example:
Wet clothes drying
What happens to particles?
Only the fastest particles escape from the surface
This makes the remaining liquid cooler
Key words
Happens at any temperature
Happens only at the surface
Causes cooling
Fun Fact :
Evaporation is why we feel cool after sweating!
Quick Comparison Table
Process Change Temperature speed MeltingSolid → Liquid Fixed Medium Boiling Liquid → Gas Fixed Fast Evaporation Liquid → Gas Any Slow