Simple molecules and covalent bonds
Simple Molecules:
A molecule is made when two or more atoms join together.
Simple molecules are made of only a few atoms.
Examples:
Hydrogen (H₂) – two hydrogen atoms
Oxygen (O₂) – two oxygen atoms
Water (H₂O) – two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) – one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms
These molecules are small and easy to understand, so we call them simple molecules.
Covalent Bonds
A covalent bond is a bond where atoms share electrons.
Atoms share electrons to become stable. Covalent bonds usually form between non-metals.
Examples:
In H₂, two hydrogen atoms share electrons
In H₂O, hydrogen and oxygen share electrons
In CO₂, carbon and oxygen share electrons
Fun Fact :
Water is a simple molecule held together by covalent bonds, and we cannot live without it!
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