Evaporation separates mixtures by turning a liquid into vapor, leaving behind non-volatile solids, as seen when saltwater is heated and the water evaporates, leaving the salt.

A separating funnel is effective for separating immiscible liquids, like oil and water, as it allows the denser liquid to collect at the bottom for easy draining.

Centrifugation works by spinning mixtures at high speeds, creating a force that causes denser components to settle while lighter ones remain suspended.

An everyday application of separating mixtures is the purification of crude oil into products like gasoline and diesel through fractional distillation.

Lastly, chromatography separates mixtures by passing them through a stationary phase and a mobile phase, allowing components to move at different rates based on their properties, facilitating their separation and analysis.