🌍 What is Venus?
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, and it's the planet that’s most similar to Earth in size and shape. People often call it Earth’s twin, but it's actually very different and much more dangerous.
🌫️ Atmosphere and Temperature
Venus has a very thick atmosphere, made mostly of carbon dioxide with clouds of sulfuric acid. Because of this, it has a very strong greenhouse effect, which means it traps heat.
That’s why Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system — even hotter than Mercury, which is closer to the Sun. The surface temperature is about 475°C — hot enough to melt metal!
🕒 Time and Rotation
A very strange thing about Venus is its rotation:
One day on Venus (how long it takes to spin once) is 243 Earth days.
But one year on Venus (how long it takes to go around the Sun) is 225 Earth days.
That means a day on Venus is longer than a year!
Also, Venus spins backwards compared to most planets. On Venus, the Sun would rise in the west and set in the east — the opposite of Earth.
🌋 Surface and Volcanoes
Venus has many volcanoes, lava plains, and mountains. Scientists think some of these volcanoes might still be active today. The surface is rocky and dry, with no water.
✨ Bright in the Sky
Venus is one of the brightest objects in the sky, after the Sun and the Moon. Because of this, it’s called the “Morning Star” or “Evening Star”, depending on when you see it.
🛰️ Space Missions
Many space missions have tried to visit Venus:
The Venera missions (from the Soviet Union) were the first to land on Venus and send back pictures, but they only survived a few minutes before the heat and pressure destroyed them.
NASA’s Magellan mission mapped the surface using radar.
New missions are being planned to study Venus more deeply.
🌌 Other Quick Facts
Venus has no moons.
Venus has no rings.
It has high-speed winds in the clouds — faster than a hurricane.
Scientists think it may have had oceans billions of years ago, but they disappeared due to the extreme heat.
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1 Venus is called Earth’s sister because both planets are almost the same size, have similar mass, and are made of the same kinds of rock and metals. They’re like twins in shape, but their environments are totally different — Earth is calm and life-friendly 🌍, while Venus is burning hot and toxic 🔥.
2 Because of a strong greenhouse effect. Venus has a very thick atmosphere full of carbon dioxide, which traps the Sun’s heat and doesn’t let it escape. So the heat just builds up — making Venus even hotter than Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun.
3 The thick atmosphere:
Makes huge pressure — about 90 times stronger than Earth’s, like being 900 meters underwater!
Traps heat, making it super hot
Has sulfuric acid clouds that make the weather toxic
Winds in the upper clouds go super fast — faster than storms on Earth
On the surface, it’s calm but deadly — hot, crushed, and poisonous.
4 This is still a mystery, but scientists think:
Long ago, something big (like an asteroid) crashed into Venus and messed up its spin.
Or strong forces in the thick atmosphere and gravity from the Sun slowly changed how it rotates.
Now, Venus spins very slowly and in the opposite direction from most planets — this is called retrograde rotation.
5
Scientists found signs of water vapor in Venus’s past atmosphere.
The shape of some land areas looks like they were formed by flowing water.
Venus has deuterium (a heavy type of hydrogen) — and a lot of it. This happens when normal water evaporates into space.
1 Yes.
One day on Venus (how long it takes to spin once) = 243 Earth days
One year on Venus (how long it takes to go around the Sun) = 225 Earth days
2 No, iron does not melt on Venus.
Venus is 475°C
Iron melts at 1538°C
(One day on Venus (how long it takes to spin once) is 243 Earth days.
But one year on Venus (how long it takes to go around the Sun) is 225 Earth days)
So it will complete an year before a Venus day?
(The surface temperature is about 475°C — hot enough to melt metal!)
Will Iron melt?
Why is Venus often called Earth’s “sister planet” despite their vastly different environments?
What causes the extreme surface temperature on Venus, making it hotter than Mercury even though it’s farther from the Sun?
How does the thick atmosphere of Venus affect its weather and surface conditions?
Why does Venus rotate so slowly and in the opposite direction compared to most planets in the solar system?
What evidence suggests that Venus might have had liquid water and possibly oceans in the past?