Vehicle emissions release nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air. When sunlight hits these chemicals, they react and form ground-level ozone, a major part of photochemical smog.

Smog contains ozone and other pollutants that trap heat in the atmosphere, acting like greenhouse gases. It can also reduce plant growth, which limits how much CO₂ plants can absorb, worsening global warming.

*Emission standards for vehicles and factories

*Promoting public transport, electric vehicles, and bike lanes.

*Use of renewable energy instead of coal and gas.

*Smog alerts and no-drive days in highly polluted cities.

Smog makes the air hazy, reducing visibility for drivers, pilots, and ships.

This increases the risk of accidents, especially in dense traffic or at airports.

Smog can be greatly reduced but not completely eliminated unless all pollution. sources (vehicles, industry, burning) are controlled. It’s hard to remove fully in large, crowded, or industrial cities.

Smog shares pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with acid rain.

These pollutants mix with water vapor in the air and fall as acid rain, which harms plants, buildings, and water sources.

*Electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles

*Air-purifying towers and buildings (e.g., smog-eating surfaces)

*Carbon capture and emission filters for factories

*AI and sensors to monitor air quality in real time

*Urban green walls and roofs to absorb pollutants