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Neutralization in action refers to a chemical process where an acid and a base react, producing salt and water. This reaction effectively cancels out the acidic and basic properties of the reactants, resulting in a neutral solution (pH of 7) or a solution with a pH shifted slightly depending on the strength of the reactants.

Here's a more detailed explanation

What it is:

Neutralisation is a reaction between an acid (a substance that releases H+ ions) and a base (a substance that releases OH- ions).

What it does:

The H+ ions from the acid combine with the OH- ions from the base to form water (H2O), and the remaining ions from the acid and base form a salt.

Example:

A common example is the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), producing sodium chloride (NaCl, salt) and water (H2O).

Neutralisation of strong acid and strong base:

When a strong acid and a strong base react, the resulting solution will be neutral (pH = 7) because the acid and base completely neutralise each other.

Neutralisation of weak acid and weak base:

Similarly, when a weak acid and a weak base react, the resulting solution will also be neutral.

Neutralisation of strong acid and weak base:

When a strong acid and a weak base react, the resulting solution will be acidic (pH < 7).

Neutralisation of weak acid and strong base:

When a weak acid and a strong base react, the resulting solution will be basic (pH > 7).