All Cells Have:

• Cell membrane

  • Thin outer layer

  • Controls what enters and leaves the cell

  • Found in both plant and animal cells

  
  

• Cytoplasm

  • Jelly-like fluid inside the cell

  • Fills the space and holds all parts

  • Where many cell activities happen

  
  

• Nucleus (in most cells, not all)

  • Found in plant and animal cells

  • Contains DNA (the instructions)

  • Controls what the cell does

  
  

• Mitochondria

  • Makes energy for the cell

  • Called the “powerhouse”

  • Found in plant and animal cells

  
  

• Ribosomes

  • Make proteins

  • Can float in cytoplasm or stick to the rough ER

  • Found in all living cells

Extra Parts in Plant Cells:

• Cell wall

  • A tough outer layer outside the membrane

  • Gives shape and protection

  • Found only in plant cells

    
    

• Chloroplasts

  • Make food using sunlight (photosynthesis)

  • Contain green chlorophyll

  • Only in plant cells

  
  

• Large central vacuole

  • Stores water, nutrients, and waste

  • Very big in plant cells

  • Helps keep the cell firm

Other Important Parts (Both Cell Types):

• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

  • Moves materials inside the cell

  • Rough ER has ribosomes; smooth ER does not

• Golgi apparatus (or Golgi body)

  • Packages and sends out proteins

  • Works like a post office

  
  

• Small vacuoles (in animal cells)

  • Store small amounts of materials

  • Not as big as in plant cells

Note/summary— Plant cells are made of cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes, Extra parts in plant cells are cell wall,chloroplast and large central vacuoles, other important parts in both cells are endomplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and small vacuoles.