Maths

What are transformations in maths?

• There are 4 transformations in GCSE Maths – rotation, reflection, translation and enlargement

• All 4 change a shape in some way, useful in things like computer graphics.

• There is some language and notation often used in this topic – the original shape is called the object and the transformed shape is called the image

• Vertices are labelled to show corresponding points

What is a tangent?

• A tangent to a circle is a straight line outside of the circle that touches its circumference only once

• Tangents are the easiest thing to spot quickly in a circle theorem question as they lie outside of the circle and stand out clearly

the tangent does not go in or out I just touches the circumference and because of this we get some properties just like a parallel line

Make sure that the line the tangent meets the radius

This circle theorem states that a radius and a tangent meet at 90°

What are vectors?

• A vector is a type of number that has both a size and a direction. Example:- direction as a gradiant

and size as a value.

Gradient:- (x change, y change )

Size:- how far

• Here we only deal with two-dimensional vectors, although it is possible to have vectors with any number of dimensions