Aadya Isai

Sometimes we want high pressure and sometimes we want low pressure. Here is how high and low pressure help us.

How does pressure increases/ decrease and why?

Pressure increases when the force becomes stronger or the area becomes smaller, because that changes how the force spreads across a surface. When you increase the force, you’re pushing harder, so each part of the surface feels more force. When you decrease the area, the same force is concentrated in a smaller space, which also increases pressure.

For example, if you press a balloon on one nail, it bursts easily because all your force is acting on the tiny tip of the nail—small area means high pressure. But if you press the balloon on a bed of nails, it doesn’t burst, because your force spreads over many nails, making the total area larger and the pressure lower.

Pressure decreases when the force becomes…

Definition

Pressure is the amount of force exerted per unit area on a surface. It tells us how concentrated a force is — whether it’s spread out or focused on a small point.

Formula:

Pressure = Force /Area

• Force (F) is measured in Newtons (N).

• Area (A) is measured in square meters (m²).

Flash card about resistance

1. Definition

• Mass: The amount of matter in an object.

• Weight: The force of gravity acting on an object.

2. Unit

• Mass: Kilogram (kg), gram (g)

• Weight: Newton (N)

Conservation of momentum

Vector quantity, magnitude and direction.

Flash card - momentum

Why is “momentum mass into velocity”?

When scientists wanted to describe motion, they realized that just saying “fast” (velocity) wasn’t enough. A small pebble moving at 10 m/s doesn’t have the same impact as a truck moving at 10 m/s. At the same time, just knowing “heavy” (mass) wasn’t enough either—a huge boulder sitting still doesn’t cause any effect, while a smaller tennis ball moving quickly can hit and sting.

What matters is both together: the amount of matter (mass) and the speed plus direction of motion (velocity). That’s why momentum is defined as mass × velocity—it captures the full story of motion.

what is momentum?

Momentum is a measure of how much motion an object has.

It depends on two things:

Items completed - what is momentum, formula, why mass and velocity makes momentum (deep research with examples).

Flash card about temperature

Temperature

Keywords - Definition, units, measurement tools, Extreme applications.

Gravity is a natural force that pulls everything toward everything else. On Earth, it pulls us, the air, and objects toward the ground, which is why we don’t float away.

In simple words: gravity is what keeps your feet on the ground and makes things fall when you drop them.

What does it do?

• It keeps planets orbiting the Sun. Without gravity, Earth would drift into space.

• It holds the Moon around Earth, making tides in the oceans.

• It pulls objects together, helping stars and planets form.

Flash cards

1. cardiac arrest

2. Volume, density, mass, and their differences