Energy And Temperature

• Objects store energy called internal energy internal energy is the total energy of all the particles in an object, the internal energy includes the kinetic energy and chemical energy of all the particles

• How heat occurs? -: Heat occurs when the thermal energy increases resulting to a increase in the kinetic energy of the particles as the increase in temperature causes the particles to move and vibrate

Thermodynamics

• Thermodynamics -: Thermodynamics is a study that deals with work, heat and temperature

• There are 4 laws of thermodynamics in physics

1st Law Of Thermodynamics

• 1st Law Of Thermodynamics -: The first law of thermodynamics talks about energy, as "energy cannot be created or destroyed" energy is transferred

• Formula of 1st Law -: ΔU=Q−W

• Change in U talks about change in internal energy, while the Q And W represents heat and work

2nd Law Of Thermodynamics

• The second law of thermodynamics talks about heat to cold

• The second Law -:  Heat flows naturally from hot to cold, not cold to hot.

• This is related to entropy as, entropy means that a measure of disorder or randomness in a system, thus a objects entropy increases when a object is heated

Entropy

• Entropy represent the measure of disorder or randomness in a system

• when the number of micro states increase, the entropy also increase

• kB, this is a Boltzmann constant, The Boltzmann constant is the proportionality factor that relates the average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with the thermodynamic temperature of the gas.

• kB, the Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10^-23

• The Formula Of Entropy -: Boltzmann Constant x Natural Logarithm x Number Of Microscopic Configuration