air pollution happens when harmful gases dust or smoke mix with the air we breathe
water pollution happens when dirty or harmful substances mix into water bodies like rivers lakes and oceans
Land pollution happens when the ground is covered or filled with harmful waste
long ago people found all their food in the wild
they hunted and killed animals
they ate berries and seeds
they didnt kill all the animals
they didnt eat all the berries
they made sure their were some food in the future
the food we eat gives us energy
the energy in our food began with the sun
the sunlight goes in plants giving it energy
when a deer eats the plant it gets its energy
when a tiger eats the deer it gets its energy
energy passes from 1 thing to another
a place where an organism lives is called a habitat
each organism has adaptation
adaptation helps it live in a particular habitat
fish have gills to breath under water
giraffes have thin skin to live in the african savanna
cactus has water in their stems
🧍♀️ Humans and the Food Chain
🌿 What Is a Food Chain?
A food chain shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem — how energy passes from producers → consumers → decomposers.
Each level in a food chain is called a trophic level.
Example:🌾 Grass (Producer) → Grasshopper (Primary Consumer) → Frog (Secondary Consumer) → Snake (Tertiary Consumer) → Eagle (Top Predator)
🍽️ Where Do Humans Fit In?
Humans are omnivores — we eat both plants and animals.
Because of this, humans can appear at different trophic levels in different food chains.
Example 1: 🌾 Rice → Human → (Primary Consumer)
Example 2: 🌿 Grass → Goat → Human → (Secondary Consumer)
Example 3: 🐟 Algae → Small fish → Big fish → Human → (Tertiary Consumer)
⚡ Humans and Energy Flow
The energy in food that humans eat originally comes from the Sun.
Plants convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
When humans eat plants or animals, that stored energy is passed along the chain.
🌍 Human Impact on Food Chains
Humans greatly influence natural food chains through activities such as:
Deforestation: destroys habitats and reduces the number of producers.
Overfishing and hunting: disturb animal populations and can break food chains.
Pollution: chemicals in water and soil can enter the food chain (bioaccumulation).
Farming and pesticides: affect insects, birds, and soil organisms.
♻️ Food Webs and Interdependence
In real life, food chains connect to form food webs — complex networks showing how organisms depend on many others for food.
If one species is reduced or removed, it affects many connected chains.
Example: Fewer frogs → more insects → damaged crops → imbalance in ecosystem.
🌱 Role of Humans in Maintaining Balance
Humans can help protect the balance of food chains by:
Conserving forests and wildlife 🦜
Reducing pollution 🌊
Using sustainable farming and fishing methods 🚜
Recycling and reducing waste ♻️