The brain has several major parts, each responsible for different functions. Here’s a breakdown of the main parts of the brain and what they do:

1. Cerebrum

Largest part of the brain.

Divided into two hemispheres (left and right).

Responsible for thinking, memory, reasoning, language, voluntary movement, and emotions.

Four Lobes of the Cerebrum:

Frontal Lobe: Planning, decision-making, problem-solving, movement, and speech.

Parietal Lobe: Touch, pressure, temperature, and spatial awareness.

Temporal Lobe: Hearing, memory, and understanding language.

Occipital Lobe: Vision and visual processing.

2. Cerebellum

Located under the cerebrum at the back.

Controls balance, coordination, and fine motor skills.

3. Brainstem

Connects the brain to the spinal cord.

Controls basic life functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Parts of the brainstem:

Midbrain: Reflexes and eye movement.

Pons: Breathing and communication between parts of the brain.

Medulla oblongata: Controls vital functions like heart rate and digestion.

4. Limbic System

Deep inside the brain.

Handles emotions, memory, and motivation.

Key structures:

Hippocampus: Memory formation.

Amygdala: Emotion, especially fear and pleasure.

Hypothalamus: Regulates hunger, thirst, sleep, hormones, and body temperature.

5. Thalamus

Acts as a relay station, directing sensory information to the right parts of the brain.